843-2026.09.29.这是个 Maker 的时代

这两天呢这个呃动手写了一个呃电脑上这个鼠标曲词的软件。
对？
呃，其实到今天为止，我依然有这个查英文代词的需求哈。
然后呢，许多年来呢，这个max上就没有一个比较好的鼠标曲词软件。
虽然有一些大厂。
比如说有道呢也推出了他们的曲词啊词典啊，鼠标曲词词典或者划线曲词词典啊，总体上来讲呢就不符合我自己的需求。
对，于是呢我就啊反正现在这个时代变成了这样子，你有什么需求，你都可以自己写嘛。
所以我就写了一个。

其实啊鼠标取词本身啊并不是很难实现啊呃跨平台的这个鼠标取词难度比较高一些。
但是呢实际情况上来看的话呢啊你针对mac写一个mac版本啊，针对windows写个windows版本啊，在AI所能够辅助的时代里啊，变成了一个更为实际的选择对吧？
然后呢，这个呃麦OS的27啊，就是新版的麦OS还有这个apple intelligence啊，可以本地跑本地的这个这个呃对吧？
呃，都可以尝试，所以呢我就啊先动手写的这个啊mac版本。

先动手写m版本的原因哈。
还有另外一个就是mac呢是在发行的时候内件词典，并且呢啊有这个啊牛津词典的授权啊，有牛津的英英词典，也有牛津的英汉词典，还有这个ford，就是这个词海对？
ok所以呢就是说啊在mac上可以啊放心的使用啊合法的啊授权的啊词典内容啊，然后也可以对它进行改写。

目前还不是完整产品，只是基本功能展示

https://github.com/xiaolai/XiaolaiDict
brew install –cask xiaolai/tap/xiaolaidict
brew update && brew upgrade –cask xiaolai/tap/xiaolaidict

当然了，真正的难点哈不是鼠标屏幕去词啊，而是词典的变译词典的查询啊，然后呢这个词典的索引，然后词典的用法啊，以及啊一个只能查询不能辅助记忆的啊工具啊是残缺的，所以我可能要把啊比如说类似any那样的一些功能啊放到里面来
。
当然了还有另外一个角度啊，就是它一定要好看。
。

所以呢就跟我以前讲的是一样的，一旦你决定开始做一个东西啊，没有多久，你就会发现说啊他越来越复杂啊，他越来越难啊，然后呢你要投入啊比原本想象的啊时间啊，更多的时间啊，更多的精力，对吧？
最终呢任何一个你做的东西都会变成你的宿命，。

但是呢对于我这样的人来说哈，可能啊做东西是超级愉快的，超级愉悦的啊，甚至可以说是有不间断的幸福的对吧？
啊，人们经常说哈什么心流啊，我flow对吧？
啊，说他那是一种什么样的状态啊，啊，其实我个人哈我认为说flowow本身啊怎么怎么样啊，那是常态，对吧？
但是更为关键的是这个过程，其实是非常的啊啊平静的美好的。

然后呢，今天在做这个的过程当中呢，每天例行的哈，我要看一看这个啊我的啊过去写的一些项目啊，要有哪些维护啊。
比如说其中V mark啊，就是每天都要进行维护的哈，因为也有很多人哈提交一些这个啊啊啊自己遇到的问题。

https://github.com/xiaolai/vmark/issues/1473

@tacotacoqw
tacotacoqw
opened 1h ago
作者您好！我是一名初中生。我在和 Codex 一起学习七年级数学的时候，用 VMark 看一份课本例题和知识点的整理文档。它比较大（大约 42 万字、1 万多个公式、100 多张课本页面图片），打开要等好几秒，往下翻的时候几乎卡住不动。

我在 AI（Claude 和 Codex）的帮助下找到了原因，并在自己的 fork 上修好了。说实话，代码不是我一个人写的，主要是 AI 按我的要求写的，但我们反复测过，也请 Codex 审查了好几轮。修好以后，同一份文档在我的 Mac 上翻起来顺滑多了：以前每翻一下要卡一秒多，现在基本是流畅的（约 60 帧）。

简单说，卡的原因主要有三个：

VMark 给大文档准备了一个"跳过屏幕外内容"的优化（content-visibility），但在 Mac 上它反而让每翻一下都要卡一秒多。
每个公式（还有公式里面的好几层）都被浏览器当成一个单独的"图层"来处理，上万个图层拖慢了每一帧。
文档一打开，就把一万多个公式全部渲染出来。

今天的维护任务很有意思哈啊，因为啊提一个一一名提交艺术的这个作者啊是一名初中生啊，他说作者您好，我是一名初中生。
我在和codeex一起学习七年级数数学的时候啊，他用codeex去学七年级数学啊啊，这七年级的意思是说就初一学生，对吧？
啊，那初一学生能有多大呢？
你想想看啊，然后他说用码看一份啊课本例题和知识点的整理文档啊，他比较大啊，打开需要等好几秒往下翻的时候呢，几乎卡住不动对吧。

然后呢他就在这个AI啊，他同时用clo和ex好孩子哈啊在用AI的帮助下找到了原因，并且在自己的f上修好了。
对吧？
然后他说说实话，代码不是我一个人写的，当然不是了啊，主要是按AI按我的要求写的，我们反复测试过啊，也请code审查了好几轮啊，修好之后呢，同一份文档在我的max上啊，翻起来顺畅多了啊，以前翻译一下要卡顿卡一秒多，现在基本上是流畅的啊，约60帧
。

然后呢啊我现在就啊正在这个和我的AI一起去审他的这个啊啊PR。
然后呢啊结论是啊有大量的东西要要要要要cherry，就是单独提取出来啊，不能一下子全部合并。
但是呢大多数哈都要提取出来，要接受他的合并。
然后呢啊向他表示致信。

嗯，这在遥远的过去啊，或者是说不太遥远的过去，比如说一年前半年前啊是不可能发生的情况啊，一个不适于手写代码的人写了一个很大的项目。
然后呢呃另外一个不手写代码的小朋友啊找到了项目的缺点。
然后呢啊修复了它。
然后我们两个呢一起哈呃使用上更好的啊模尔档编辑器，这在过去是怎么可以想象的码。

所以啊做东西真的是很令人啊啊感到愉悦的啊吧，甚至幸福的啊，的确是如此的啊，包括我现在哈啊写那个啊鼠标曲词词典，他也是一样的道理啊，为什么呀？
因为我们家小朋友很快啊就要在电脑上进行大量的阅读了，对，他们现在已经开始练打字了，对吧？
所以呢啊啊虽然他们的母语啊，其实是英语啊，那他们也需要英语字典，对吧？
。

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDjW_dRyKXY

Rails World 2026 Opening Keynote - DHH

然后今天呢啊其实是从昨天晚上开始陆陆续续看的啊，一个呃DHH啊的这个这个re2026的opening notes啊，然后呢大概也就是个一小时多啊一小时多一点点的讲演嗯然后呢我是陆陆续续看完的哈啊看的过程当中呢也是感慨良多
。

🎼.
I like that.
Ben in Neon.
Well, first of all, welcomee to Austin is what I would normally say.
I would say welcome back to myself to Austin.
I was just here about a month ago, Yapping for five hours on a podcast, it is great to be back here.
But even more exciting for me is to be alive right now in this moment and sharing it with a wonderful
community around Rubyen Rails.
Everyone else who is excited about agents.
And if you aren’t yet, hopefully you will be by the end of this delirious talk on the future.
Now, I know that the first instinct someone might have when they see a person dancing around being so
excited about this moment is.
😊A diagnosis, AI psychosis.
I prefer a different term.
I have AI delirium.
AI euphoria, because this is simply the most exciting thing we have made computers do in the time I
have worked with them, played with them, interacted with them.
But I think actually, to wrestle with the fact that on the one hand, this is tremendously exciting,
it is also a little unnerving because we don’t know exactly what the final state of this is going to
be.
😊And whenever we try to make a prediction, it is out of date about 20 minutes later.
That’s a weird state to be in, even if you are excited for the future, even if you’re excited for the
present.
And I fully understand the sense of unease that can create.
So to soothe that someone, let’s wind back the clock a little bit.
This is a state of the art piece of technology from the 18th century.
If you wanted your portrait taken.
In the 18th century, you would sit for hour, upon hour, upon hour in front of a master painter who would
then go off and at best spend months working on your portrait and.
It was beautiful.
It’s beautiful, Am legacy of culture that has been left to all of us now that we can see the ladies
Valaldigraav, to this day that Joshua Reynolds painted in 1781.
😊Wonderful, also a little exclusive.
Not that many people in the 18th century were able to commission a piece of themselves like this and
pay for an artist to spend months and months and months to create something like this.
And even worse in the case of this particular painting.
Reynolds spent months and months on another painting of the ladies of Aldegra that was rejected by the
client because a piece of ankle was showing It was scandalous.
😊So he simply had to go back and redo it.
I don’t know if anyone has worked with clients before them, but they might have some sympathy for poor
Mr.
Joshua Reynolds and rejected statements of work.
Now, most of the people who could afford to do this were either part of the upper Bwar Sea or they were
outright royals.
Here’s a painting that was done 20 years later by Goya of the royal.
Spanish family.
That was sort of the rate of technology.
Painers had been perfecting the different techniques of capturing portraits of people for literally
hundreds of years.
And we’re making very marginal progress along the way.
Now, between 1801 and the next painting I’m going to show,80 years went past.
And in that time.
The introduction of the camera came to the scene in around 1840.
But here’s a painting of the Royal Danish family from.
1888, oh,86, by a Danish painter Lawich Tson.
He didn’t just spent three months painting this.
He spent three years.
It is still hanging in the.
Royal squares in, in Copenhagen.
And you can go see it there.
an amazing achievement and amazing artistry.
also very functional.
Again, the point was to capture the royal family at that time.
But this was getting towards the end of that particular mode for artists of that kind because what happened
between 1840 And 1900 was that the technology.
Of capturing portraits got better and better.
And in 1900, the Eastman Koak company introduced the brownie.
The first sort of mass produced form of photography that was more generally accessible because the price
was coming down.
I think it was about a dollar to have your picture taken with this.
And therefore, a lot of people suddenly had their picture taken.
And all of these great artists realized that the craftsmanship of producing these.
😊And paintings, know what.
That was going to be different.
The job was going to be different because suddenly now there was competition from a new form of technology,
and they pivoted.
Lowwiitz Tuxson, along with many other painters, in that era, Short after the Brownie was introduced,
realized that depicting reality as perfectly as possible.
Was no longer really an economically viable skill.
They needed another skill.
They needed another domain, and many of them pivoted to different forms of art.
You had Picasso, chasing cubism.
And you had the Danish scanin painters chasing a form of impressionism that this painting is an example
of.
So we got this explosion of creativity brought upon us.
😊By the change in technology, that suddenly, people had to find a new way to express their art because
the old way was gone.
Now, what’s interesting about this particular picture.
Is that the lady in the center in the pink dress, Yvonne Tucson is actually my great grandmother because
Laitz Tucson is my great, great grandfather.
😊And the he is depicted in 1921, I believe, shortly before his death, he embraced the fact of having
his own portrait taken by the new form.
Technology that had rendered his old profession a different place to work,52 years after his death,
I was born in 1979.
Interestingly enough, that picture taken here is very similar, actually, to the picture that was taken
by Lawiitz in in the 1920s.
The technology hadn’t involved that much because that’s what often happens with.
Progressions of technology.
It comes and starts and stops and fits.
The huge change was the brownie, the democratization of photography.
and then kind of.
Almost 80 years went by when not a whole lot happened.
We got color photography in the 60s, but not widely distributed enough that apparently I was worth one
.
Although we did rectify that a few years later.
and here’s a color of photography of of me, H 4 sitting with my brother now.
A couple years later, here’s another photograph of me.
And between those three photos, that’s about, I think,10% of my stockpile of photos of my childhood,
because even though.
The democratization of this technology had happened to a point that even we, as a family could afford
to have these pictures taken.
It was not that widely distributed.
And, yes, there was a curve and more pictures were being taken in the 1980s, as this photo.
Represents versus the 19 hundreds, but it was still kind of modest because technology moves and fits,
starts and stops.
and the camera.
That those three pictures were taken of was very similar to, to this camera.
This is the Liika one from 1925.
In fact, maybe some of those pictures were literally taken with another liika.
I think they were up to the seventh one by then, but they weren’t that different because the technology
was quite similar.
Not much had happened since the Great Revolution around the 190s until the 80s.
Then we gave it a couple more decades.
And suddenly, everything changed dramatically.
Again.
Photoography went from not just being possible for everyone to have, but to become completely frictionless
.
And the number of photos taken went parabolical because suddenly, everyone could afford to have tens
of thousands of pictures of their children.
And many of them did.
It simply become.
Too cheap to measure.
These are some of the photographs my wife likes to take when she’s out on her evening walk to have wanted
to do this, even in the 80s.
Would have required a commitment to film and getting them produced and the rest of it.
And there are people who did that, but not that many because the friction was still too high.
Today, in 2026, some 2 trillion photos are taken.
Every year, that’s very different.
It’s the same underlying technology, but we’ve clearly hit an infliction point, even compared to when
the camera phone first came out.
There’s gonna be some parallels here to our industry and our profession.
I.
On November 24,2025, we got the Kodak Brownie of our era.
We got Opus 4,5.
😊Yeah.
AI technology made accessible in a harness that many people could afford to use and experience for the
first time what it’s like to create software in pairing with a new form of intelligence.
😊This was the tipping point for me.
There was everything before November 24.
And then there was everything after this is going to be the date.
That history books going forward will mark as the infliction point for the age of agents.
And as with the brownie, when that first came out, there was an explosion of.
Different form factors and new ways of trying to harness this technology.
And it did not take long until we got some motion or notion of the same intelligence in a open weight
format.
Total euphoria.
This is moving so fast.
I can’t believe that this alien technology is now accessible in open weight form.
just happened a few months later.
I drove Kimmi K2,5 in the fast mode for quite a while and absolutely loved it, an incredible experience
to be experiencing this kind of intelligence at 200 tokens per second, but.
😊I.
Then something else happened.
This tro of disillusionment from February through May, where we seemingly continued to get new models
.
but they kind of sucked.
It was like they were stepping backwards.
And many people were like, what this opus for 6 thing.
I don’t know, man, Just give me the old stuff again.
And a lot of people thought, ha ha, You thought this was going to continuously exponentially expand
and improve.
But look, we’re actually not.
Getting that much better.
I remember a particular release.
I think it was open AI’s new model that didn’t punch that much better on the benchmarks.
And the stock price fell or the evaluation fell.
And the market was suddenly.
Oh my God, it’s over.
I.
Because we don’t know what’s going happen, But this tro of disillusionment did not last like it did
with photography for 100 years where the technology barely seemed to improve.
It only lasted until May.
Well, June, really, because in June, we got fable 5 and mythphis.
And clearly, anyone who had a chance to experience that at the time were disabused of any disillusionment
.
They might have had about whether we had stalled and whether it was over.
And I’d say this is where my diagnosis really set in my.
Psychsis slash delirium, slash euphoria for this explosion of intelligence on tap.
This was the model where I went from.
Oh, I can tell.
😊An agent to do something for me to seeing that being something I want to merge.
That was the revelation of Opus to suddenly having models I could give problems to or ideas to.
And see those be solved or see those expanded through no direction of my own on the implementation.
Abutely mind blowlowingly incredible.
And, of course, things didn’t stop from there.
We have been on this amazing roller coaster now for a couple of months.
GP T 6 Astra came out in September and saved us all from the dread.
😊That anthropic was going have a monopoly on this kind of frontier intelligence.
And then even better than that, just a week later, we got deepse 4,1 flash that disd of a any notion
that.
Frontier intelligence was going to forever be a domain of just some large American tech companies.
This is incredibly exciting.
But what does it mean.
What does it mean for us as programmers, What does it mean for us as a profession.
And I think this is why, again, it’s worth looking backwards a bit because history holds all these amazing
lessons and parallels to our time.
If we just look at it, One of the things that.
😊Has dominated discourse in the entire time I’ve been a professional developer.
Ha been the argument about whether the 10 X programmer was real or not real.
Well, that entire concept came from an article in AM magazine from 1968, where they tested a group of
programmers on a variety of different tasks, and they came up with.
A table that showed that the worst programmer and the best programmer had a variance ranging from 5
x to 30 x, an average of 10 x over that period.
we then spent.
Literally, the next 45 years, arguing whether this was actually real or not.
I there anyone still arguing that, I, I don’t think so.
like that debate has.
Been settled now.
But the interesting thing is, we sort of leaped over a shared conclusion around the 10 X programmer
and started thinking like, well, if that was 10 X with just a human capacity.
😊What must it look like now, And it’s clear we don’t know exactly.
We don’t know exactly what the kind of acceleration with these tools is possible.
But I’d actually argue that it is less controversial today to claim that there’s 100 x difference between
the worst programmer working without these tools and the best programmer working with these tools.
That’s not a very controversial statement.
But it is absolutely revolutionary to the understanding of where we are right now as a stage of technology
.
And I’d actually go a step further.
And maybe this is slightly more controversial.
I don’t think so.
The worst programmer without these tools versus the best programmer with these tools that sounds about
right,1 thousand times.
Yeah, Okay, well, what does that mean, What does that mean for the competition of.
Companies for what we need to get started.
8 ball little fussy.
shake again.
What I know to be true.
Is that in the past 20 months, I have written half as much code as I did in the previous 21 years.
Now, lines of code is a weird, fuzzy.
Maleable size and one line of rubby is obviously worth vastly more than one line of any other language,
but particularly.
Rust or C plus plus, or any of the lower level languages that do not have the same abstracts and amenities
that we enjoy in Ruby.
But it is still absolutely undeniable that there is a revolution taking place.
😊And anyone who’s gone through that and seen their own productivity be accelerated will be a little
dizzy.
And we create a template.
Look at all the things I’m not doing.
Look at all the configuration I’m not writing.
All these things are mapped together just automatically, just by saying blog up here, map directly to
the blogging controller and just by having index mapped directly to the index template.
😡Look at all the things I’m not doing.
Is there a better encapsulation of this moment than all the things we are no longer doing.
That is the source of my exuberance for this moment.
This is the rails moment.
That clip I just played is 21 years old.
I gave a presentation in Brazil in 2005, and I was so excited about all the code I wasn’t writing.
Can you see why I might be a little more excited now, even.
😊Do you know how much code I have not been writing for the last several months, a lot.
And yet, despite writing no code for.
Probably five months at this point, been able to fix everything.
every dream, every annoyance, every paper clip, every frivolous feature.
Suddenly within reach, suddenly possible.
This is the magic of the moment.
But what does that mean, Well, at 37 signals.
😊A couple of weeks ago, we made the decision that it clearly means we’re done writing code by hand.
We are going and have gone pencils down on the idea that we were gonna write code by hand as a normal
course of business, creating things.
Writing code by hand at 37icles is now an exceptional state.
It is like seeing a bug and entry.
Something here went wrong.
Why was the agents not able to produce what we wanted.
O, maybe for a little while, we’ll still get the old pencil out and dot it down for them.
But then we fix the machine.
We fix the factory.
We get things going again.
This is a recognition of what’s already happening.
If we were to pull this room, I’d probably actually let pull this room.
How many people here are still.
Writing material amounts of code by hand on a weekly basis.
Show a hands.
Holyly fuck.
That’s about 5.
😡 If I’d put this slide up two months ago,3 months ago and made the same proclamation, a fair number
of people would have gone.
That dude’s got a screw loose.
And now, already, this is just a recognition of what’s already there.
What’s so fascinating about this is we tried to do this in the spring at 37 signals when we were putting
the finishing touches on base camp 5, we had a bunch of designers, vibe code, the final features that
they wanted in this release, and The results were mixed.
individually, the designers were able to create PRs that seemed reasonable, taken together 20 or 30
of them.
😊it left the architecture looking a little like a Swiss cheese Ki of punctured.
So we went, okay, I guess the technology is not ready yet.
Let’s go back to manually reviewing everything and just have programmers working with it.
That was the wrong conclusion, clearly, not only because we could just have given it freaking five minutes
and we would have gotten favorable.
And the whole thing would probably have worked, as originally intended.
But also because what’s clear now is that there is only one serious question in this moment of software
development.
And that is, how do you get the most out of this intelligence explosion, Every other questions.
Is below that in the stack of values.
So we ship based1 5.
It’s a great upgrade.
It was agent accelerated, but still paired with a great amount of.
😊Manally written, handwritten, chiseled.
What, what are we gonna call this old way of working that was just retired 5 minutes ago, I don’t know
.
But now working on a new project.
Hey, next, hey new.
hey there.
I don’t know what we’re gonna call it.
But it is a new version of hey, our email app service and.
😊The first thing we’re going to do is stop making it a Web app.
Hay is no longer going be a Web app.
Because hey never really wanted to be a Web app.
Hey was and is a Web app because making Web apps for small teams was how you could be productive in.
The old times, that is five minutes ago, the idea that a small team could maintain six native applications
written in the native frameworks was preposterous.
No one was doing that.
That’s not only why we had people doing Web apps.
It’s why we had react native.
It was why we had Ha native.
It was why we had all of this tooling to make us more productive, while accepting.
That the fidelity was going to take a slight hit.
We made great Web appss.
Hay is a wonderful Web app, but it’s not as good as a native application.
Of course, it’s not as good as a native application.
😊There’s different latencies and so forth.
Well, what’s playing behind me now is a demonstration of the six native applications that we kicked
off about a week ago.
This is already where we are at.
That’s insane.
In the old time, if you wanted to maintain six native applications at very high fidelity for major service
.
It was going to take a long time.
It was requiring a huge team.
Now, suddenly, we’re able to make very high fidelity.
Native applications happen.
😊Because we’re not writing a goddamn line of code.
Look at all the things we’re not doing.
But look at all the prompts we’re giving.
We’re giving lots of prompts and the results.
Are absolutely electrifying.
This is an effort we have barely just kicked off.
And we’re already at a state where it is so obvious to me that this is the future for that class of
applications.
That there is a lot of web applications, that are web applications of necessity, of convenience, of
programmer preference, of team size, of resources available.
You you know what.
There’re not gonna be Web apps much longer.
There are gonna be native applications because the price of developing those things has gone to end
damnia serum.
Now, here’s an example of what the first prompt.
Spit back out when we asked for a Windows application, not quite shippable.
Here’s the redirected version.
That landed 20 minutes later.
Are you getting it, This is nuts.
How could you not require a diagnosis.
After seeing this in front of your own eyes.
now, we’re by no means unique.
In this realization, where’ by no means the first in this realizations, Shopify just recently launched
a newly rewritten native application for the shop app, replacing a react native application.
Done by a tiny team when you consider the criticality of about six people working for not very long
at all.
This is coming.
Get ready now.
😊That was the front end.
And I think for these classes of applications like hey, like shop app that really want to be native
applications.
That’s what’s going to happen there.
We’re going to commit to these native toolings, and we’re going to realize that the cost associated
with creating these things just no longer exist in the same way.
But what about the back end.
This is a little difficult for me.
I will admit.
and, and let me tell you why Ru, rust.
I hate rust with a.
Passion rushed to me is like pouring acid in my eyes when I have to put it.
why why do you hear rust.
It is, in my opinion, the ugliest programming language that has been invented in probably the last 40
years.
Exhibit A, this is an awful, awful, awful programming language when you subject humans to write it.
Absolutely inhumane to ask people of flesh and blood to subject their eyeballs to this.
But do you know what.
If I never have to look at this, if all I have to do is revel in applications being 30 or 100 times
faster.
Comiling down to mini executables that start up in sub milliseconds, I love rust.
😊Rust is amazing if you never, ever, ever have to look at it yourself, agents.
😀.
Agents like Ru, great.
what a division of labor.
I’ll tell you what to do.
You’ll write it rust.
I never have to look at it.
I love this.
And I also love the outcomes in this setup where we’re rewriting the front end of hay in all native
applications.
and therefore no longer need a web application that is rendering H T M L and whatever.
And then we take that code that’s running the no longer web application.
😊And turn it into the mail server that it really is at its core in rust.
We end up with a backend that requires 99% less CPU,95% less memory.
And the only reason it needs 10 hosts is for redundancy.
In fact, our back of the envelope calculation has LED us to believe that Haze peak traffic could probably
be served.
😊On a single raspberry pie, that is the efficiency of writing as damn near straight to the metal as
you can get while still being portable, which is rust.
And the benefit of having something else do that for you, some other intelligence that you pay per token
to do it.
What does this mean in terms of how we’re working with this intelligence, Also not clear.
We’re trying a bunch of things.
One of the things we’re trying to do is direct these agent, our chef Marie.
Inside of basechem to do it, it’s clear that when you work with agents, the best way to work with them
is actually asynchronously, not in a chat interface, not sitting and waiting for the tokens to output,
but to give a task.
To an agent, like you would, a coworker, sent them off and then go back and review when there’s something
ready.
So we’re trying to do that as well.
A lot of other people are trying to figure this out.
And this is part of the magic, the electricity.
😊Of this moment, we don’t know how it’s all supposed to be.
First, because it’s changing every five minutes.
Second, because we have not worked with this kind of intelligence at any measure of time.
this entire thing got kicked off.
November 24, last year, it hasn’t even been a damn year and the kind of intelligence that allows us
to assign outcomes, problems rather than tasks is only a couple of months old.
So, of course, we don’t know exactly what it’s going to be like, but it’s still fair to then ask the
question, where does that leave, Ruby, Where does it leave rail.
Where does it leave any of these tools that we use, What is the future going look like, Well, for hey,
we have our answer.
It looks like native applications on the front end and rust on the back end.
But there’s plenty of other applications that don’t fit that shape.
The Web is an enormously wonderful platform, partly because it never asks anyone to install anything
and.
😊A million businesses are built on that premise.
More ephemeral customers who are not going to indulge an installation on their device to use a service
.
The Web is wonderful for those things.
And rails is particularly well positioned to still be in play there.
Everything that we’ve worked on for the past 25 years, Convention over configuration leads directly
to things like token efficiency.
Our focus on the one developer framework squares perfectly with what the age of agents is demanding
that single developers can go much further than they were able to do before.
😊We’ve started doing these a evilvals, or evil Martians have started doing it on behalf of the Ras Foundation
.
and a finding.
That we quickly had to update our evals because the agents were saturating the first version of it and
reaching 95% completion rates quite quickly.
Now, we’ve instituted a harder measure for it.
But amazing how quickly these agents are moving forward and up to stack and up the ranks.
This is an agent Eval looking at actual implementation of feature cards against some of these reference
applications that we have in the wild.
Wonderful, we’re leaning in towards that.
That was the old benchmark.
the old reference, as you can see, was getting saturated already.
So we made it harder.
There’s going be a lot of that.
A lot of elevation of the things we ask the agents to do because they continuously to get more capable
And in fact, it’s one of the pitfalls I would warn anyone who knows too much about how computers work
is to not be overly prescriptive in what you’re trying to get out of these systems.
In fact, having a bit of a beginning.
😊and a bit of a dummy approach to this works even better because you ask questions and you post prompts
at a higher level.
This is one of the reasons I love working in rust.
I don’t know any rust at all.
I consider that a feature and a privilege to have no fucking clue What is being outputted by these agents
into the rust box.
I evaluate the rust box as a black box on the outside as any.
😡Business owner in history, who’s ever commissioned a group of programmers to do anything for them.
This is not a new phenomenon who now holds that responsibility has changed, but not the phenomenon.
But applications like basecamp.
Where we bring in strangers who just need to get a quick file and need to collaborate for a short period
of time, Great web applications.
Lots of you surely work on those kinds of applications.
Now, figuring out exactly where we’re gonna cut that line, what should be native, What should stay we
.
We’re gonna have to figure that out.
I don’t have all the answers for that.
I do know.
That when I look at my work over the past year, it does look very different.
If I look at the past 21 years, over half of my work was Ruby code this year.
About 3%.
Now, part of that is that these programming languages like Ru are tremendously vibose and unappealing
for humans to look at.
So I don’t.
And I allow the agent to just.
😊Spit out more than was necessary in a way, I would never tolerate for my Ruee code.
So that’s part of it.
But still undeniable that there’s a huge change here in those 21 years of.
Prior working with Ruby, I would write about 30000 lines of production Ruby code per year.
That was enough to build businesses and frameworks and everything else that I’ve done.
Well, in.
August last month, I wrote 1 hundred and50000 lines of code in one month.
That’s about 60 times more code than my long term running average again.
A lot of it is that awful rust code I don’t want to look at.
And it is more of a bose, but still, the orders of magnitude here, That’s what we need to pay attention
to.
And at least think, what does that mean.
Well, one of the things that has surprised me and really it shouldn’t has been the fact that there is
actually a programming language I like better than Ruby.
I did not think this was true.
But it is.
It’s called English.
English is a better programming language than Ruby.
And I love Ruby more than any other traditional programming language in the world.
But writing programs in English.
Is a tremendously satisfying experience.
It is an even more expressive language than Ruby.
It’s a little more vague.
It’s a little more or less deterministic.
But nonetheless, it is an absolute joy.
And I did not fully appreciate that that was where we were going as late as last year.
I got to become a project manager 20 years ago if I didn’t care to write code myself, and I just wanted
outcomes.
😊That’s how I got started in programming.
I just wanted outcomes.
Then I fell in love with programming.
And now I’d rather retire than giving it up, okay.
👏I have retired from being a professional programmer.
I haven’t pinned down the exact date.
I think it was somewhere around 4 to five months ago.
maybe March.
I should find out exactly when it was because you know what, that little clip.
Totally true.
I spent a quarter of a damn century chiselling code by hand and loving every moment of it.
What a wonderful.
Experience and productive time in that era.
And that’s how I believe we should all look at it, not with regret, but with joy of what was.
En joy that we were there when we still had to do such things because they were filled with excitement
and learning and satisfaction and flow states.
😊This is not something to look back upon with regret.
This is something to look back upon with joy, and accept.
That it is over.
writing code by hand is no longer an economically productive enterprise for the vast majority of programmers
.
Working at the vast majority of companies.
That’s today.
By the end of the year, it will be virtually all domains, virtually all programmers, virtually all companies
.
So we best get used to it.
We best embrace that we had a wonderful run chiselling that code by hand and that it’s over.
And on the other side of that is a new career, an exciting career, an energized career as a professional
maker of things.
Yes, you will no longer be chiselling that coat by hand, but you will be making amazing things.
You will be steering intelligence.
It was only available in science fiction, up until.
😊A few moments ago, what a privilege on both sides of that ca to have been there when we did it all
by hand, to be there at the exact moment.
Where we switch over, this is the biggest thing that has happened in the history of computing.
I sometimes think, man, I kind of wish I was there for the punch cards.
I sounded pretty fucking cool.
Like, my programs literally had holes in it, and I would.
I would line up and feed it to a machine and like, go, I wonder if it compiles.
Man, I would have loved to experience that.
What a moment.
What a moment.
I didn’t get to experience that.
but I did get to experience the Internet.
That smells and feels a little like this moment that we’re in.
😊But this is much, much bigger.
Okay, well, shit, there’s a lot of things we gotta rethink.
We got to rework where we’re gonna start here.
One of the things we’re gonna have to revisit is everything we think we know about software architecture
.
Everything we think and know about how to structure code bases in a way that we can mutate them easily
and move forward.
The main tool that we’ve used for a very long time.
is abstracttractions.
I love abstractions.
Abtractions include naming things.
That’s one of my favorite things is to name things.
.
😊Abstractions don’t make quite the same sense in the age of agents.
If you suddenly have hundreds or thousands or tens of thousands of conscious processes trying to mutate
an application, you kind of don’t want these choke points.
that abstractions represent because the trade offs are very different.
The reason we did abstractions was, in part not to repeat ourselves.
Well, now the price of repetition has gone to near 0.
The price of keeping things in sync has dropped just the same.
These are some of the fundamental realuations of computer science, really, that we have to make.
And no one yet has the blueprint.
We have pointers to things that aren’t working quite as well as they used to and need to change.
You get to be there.
Right now, as we’re defining these things, again, imagine you were there when object orientation first
entered the consciousness of computer programmers.
Holyly shit.
That would have been amazing, wouldn’t it.
😊Now you hear how we work.
What does a software methodology look like, How long should our cycles be, Who should be specifying
what All of this is changing.
And none of us have the answers yet.
And you’re invited to come help figure it out.
It’s a new birth for a new industry.
And you’re at the ground floor.
Holyly shit.
You are so damn lucky.
Another thing.
For example, is more tangible.
The first rush when.
AI and chatbots came to be was can we just shove it into our application, Can we shove a chatbot in
over here and shove another one in and over there?
Yeah, I mean, you could.
People did.
No, thank you.
I I, I, I don’t want to use your concierge.
I have my own personal butler who’s able to use Cs to connect base camp to hay.
Across a million other apps, I don’t.
I don’t fucking eat your concierge.
Thank you.
Save your tokens, bro.
Let me bring my own butler to the party.
😡Let me interact with your applications through a C, L I.
That’s probably about practical and as prescriptive as this talk is going to be.
Hey, if your app doesn’t have a C I, I want to see it by next Friday.
No fucking excuses.
You have the tokens.
I’ve told you it’s possible it is your obligation to deliver those fucking.
😡C, L Is by next Friday so I can use your application without actually ever having to touch it.
Woful.
the hey, C, L I, for example.
😊Has given me this weird, bizarre world experience.
Hey used uses Elastic search for search.
I’m sure many of you use Elasticse, too.
Elastic searches.
Is search.
It’s sableable search.
It’s kind of O.
search.
is not delightful search.
It very often does not find what I’m looking for.
certainly when I don’t know what I’m looking for, Do you know who could find what I’m looking for when
I don’t know what I’m looking for.
agents can I can search in concepts now, not keywords.
I had to find an email in hey, there was five years old where I did not know who I was talking to, I
didn’t remember the company and I didn’.
Even remember the year, it was something about sneakers and a podcast.
Yeah, Good luck trying to find that even with the best fucking crack PhD search engine that Google has
.
that’s not happening.
And there was the email a few short minutes later.
how did it do it, Oh, I still don’t fully know, And I’m a little scared to ask.
But I am infinitely delighted that this is.
🎼Now the reality, I’m also pretty delighted about this.
Any of you follow me on X.
😊I’ve talked about nothing else, but amachi for about three months.
And the reason why is that that experience of we can just fix everything now applies to the whole goddamn
computer.
If you like making things, if you like fixing things, if you have ideas about things that could be different
and could be better, you can just make it happen.
I put all my best ideas, or at least like a good size of the list into this thing.
Umachi and got an operating system.
so vastly superior to any computer I’ve ever used before.
😊That I fucking can’t shut up about it.
Even if you paid me and a lot of people have paid, we’ve raised about $20 million for this Omachi adventure
.
This is what’s now possible.
Last year, here at Resworld, I showed an early version of this.
And I was so proud that you could install the whole system in three minutes and 33 seconds.
, man, that’s amazing.
last.
👏week, Anusuch from AM M D installed Damachi on his cracked halo laptop in 35 seconds.
😊I’m pretty, I, I was about to say I’m pretty excited.
I’m pretty obsessed with this number.
I mean, maybe a little too much.
Okay, I’ll admit it.
There’s some addiction going on here, but it’s the best kind of addiction.
The kind of addiction that has LED to in the lab have an install time of an operating system on a computer
in 9 seconds.
What the, what.
Theres computers that don’t even boot in 9 seconds.
We install a whole operating system in that time.
And then when people ask me, like put put, why.
Wasn’t this three minutes fast enough, I now just have a stock answer delivered to me by Mitchell Hasimmoto,
who is the creator of Hashiorb and Gsti.
The pursuit of excellence does not need justification.
👏, I love that saying because it’s more dignified than just saying, because I want it.
😊I.
And we can now want everything.
We can now get everything, or at least so it feels every dream, every idea within reach, hyperdrive
available right here for a small price and a subscription but possible.
We can travel to galaxies.
We only imagined How can you not get excited about that.
😊Yeah.
Well, I’ve been so excited that I’ve just started creating applications, all sorts of applications.
This is a calculator that is the matchs tomachi.
I was very proud of it.
partly because it’s a fucking one shot.
I took one screenshot of what chat T T gave me three choices between of how it should look.
And I told my agent, can you do that.
And it did.
I mean, not exactly the biggest application, But you know what, I didn’t know C plus plus, and I did'
not.
No Q T to a degree by which I could have had that application 7 minutes after I made the prompt.
And about 15 minutes later, I had pushed it to the public repo.
and then I burned a new IO where this piece of software was included.
What That’s the loop.
Then I, of course, went like, shit, if I can make a calculator, I can surely made my favorite writing
app for many, many years on the Mac I used IA writer an incredible.
😊Writing environment.
And then I thought, yeah, I could just make my own.
And so I did.
And that took a little longer because I wanted to massage it than I wanted to be just right.
But I didn’t look at a single line of the code that came out of the agent.
Not once.
C plus plus as a black box is a great language, just like rust.
Then I went like, well, if I can do text, surely I can do video editors.
So I did.
And I made a nice little mic cut thing where you can trick videos.
And that’s also included now in Imachi.
😊Oh, this whole presentation I started working on on Thursday.
And, of course, as any good software engineer would do decided I also wanted to write my new presentation
software while doing the keynote.
And so I did.
It’s called hype.
And it is the best presentation software I’ve ever used by any company ever.
And I was quite pleased with keynote on the Mac when I was still on the Mac.
This is so much nicer.
It’s built on top of markdown.
It has full visualization.
It is impossibly fast.
And you know what, the binary, half a megabyte.
😊👏Half a fuck megabyte.
I, you could fit that on a floppy disk almost with a little compression.
This is the other payoff.
We have.
Let me not use that word.
We have expended the great progress of computers over the last 20 years on human productivity.
And it was the right choice.
😊But it also meant that applications were slow, bulky, fat and lazy because who cares.
A single programmer hour is very expensive.
Sp one of those on optimizing an apps payload.
No, not worth it.
Apparently not even if you’re Spotify.
And you fuck music players,1.
2 GB.
What, Okay, that was the old world.
The new world, you can do whatever the fuck you want.
and it fits in half a meby.
😡Because every optimization is now within reach.
Every model can run overnight and deliver 1030 X improvements, In.
O, I’m a little excited about this world.
There are others who have concerns.
😊I do think the concerns deserve airing out.
They serve debate.
I also think maybe some of them are a little overstated.
I mean, maybe, but probably not, probably not.
I mean, some of them may be a little more like security.
Okay, Something is coming.
We’ve got to be ready for that.
The agents maybe know their expiration date, and maybe they’re not so pleased.
and maybe sometimes they’re gonna try to do bad things.
Okay, get ready.
Great, We have the tools.
Get ready.
😊Also, realize that any prediction about the future of the economy in any society ever has basically
been wrong.
No economist today.
Seemingly is capable of predicting fucking the stock market in six months.
And you think they know what society is going to look like at a paradigm shift like AI and agents.
Fuck, they don’t.
😡They don’t know when AT Ms were introduced in the United States in the 1950s, there was a great panic
that the 30000 bank tellers were all going to be out of a job in about 18 months, because if you don’t
need.
Bank tell us to give you the money.
Why does a bank need to have bank tell us at all.
But you know what, That’s not what happened.
That’s not what happened.
When the price of operating a branch went down, bankss opened more branches.
And employed more bank tellers to do things like upselling you a subprime mortgage.
See, we all win here.
But the problem is, I think, as a society and as an industry, I that a bunch of people who work on this
stuff.
They’re really smart.
Many of them have PhDs.
Many of them see things in the lab that scare them.
And then they start extrapolating.
What does that mean for society, What have I done.
Truman had a good reply to Oppenheimer when the two of them had a discussion in the overall Office about
the invention of the Adam bomb.
And I like Truman because he kind of told it straight.
I don’t want to see that son of the bitch in my office ever again.
I think Truman got the the right end of it.
The world did not come to an end, in fact.
The Cold War that followed was the best kind of war.
The kind of war where two superpowers did not drop bombs on each other in direct confrontation.
Very hard to predict for a scientist in that moment that that was how it was going to play out.
So if fucking Oppenheimer can’t figure out what was going to happen after the invention of the Adam
bomb, maybe we should also have a little humility about predictions of the future.
And maybe we should lean in with a little bit more optimism.
.
😡？
With a little bit of peep bloomom, instead of oh so much pe doom, the chances of this panning out and
us getting abundance and joy is so vastly greater than us getting the doom.
And the side effects.
So Oppenheimer works on the Anaom bomb.
And we get nuclear power.
The fucking greatest source of energy humans have ever discovered.
And what do we do, We piss it away.
😊For 40 years thinking like, it’s not green or something.
Oh, yeah.
Well, that was a mistake, wasn’t it, Well, we can fix those mistakes.
That’s what’s wonderful about humanity.
They can go down a blind alley for fucking 40 years.
And then suddenly wake up and go like, yeah.
Go that one wrong.
didn’t have the quite right prediction here.
I think that’s what’s gonna happen with AI.
I think we’re going to pe bloom everyone out of their miseries.
And you know what, when there are legitimate issues, we have to deal with like security.
Okay, we’ll invest the technology.
We now have the power.
There was a bad CBE in railed, not too long ago.
Involving an image library in sea where some things leaked through.
and it wasn’t great.
Okay, let’s come up with a quarantine.
Mike is going talk about hot sell.
That’s an effort.
We are not powerless.
You have agency, You can employ the intelligence available to you to good ends and defend yourself against
the possible negative outcomes.
So let’s do that.
Let’s clean in and do the work.
And let’s remember.
William Stanley Jon, who came up with Jan’s paradox about those ATMs in 1950,30000 bankters.
in I think 2010, it was 40000 bank tellers.
In the United States, no one knows anything about the future.
So therefore, the rational choice is to be happy about it.
If you are sad about it up front.
and it turns out wonderful.
What a waste of time.
And you know what, If we get the nuclear apocalypse, you should have spent your last day being a little
more cheery.
It’s over anyway.
Pure game theory.
There’ is only one play here, and it total fucking optimism lean in to the max possible.
😡Because the utopia is almost here.
We’re going to get it.
And we’re going to get a reformation of the computer.
Agent Luther is going to disinmediate the cleric class.
.
Is going to allow everyone to make programmers.
Now, maybe that’s a little scary.
Like, maybe we’re gonna get a competition.
Who’s afraid of a little competition.
Are’t you better, Don’t you know more, Of course you do.
You’re fucking rails programmer.
You’re the best of the best.
This has got damn top gun.
I’m looking at here.
😡👏.
Embrace that with Gusto.
The future is galactically awesome.
Don’t be that loser in the dark.
And you know what, even if you are, realize the next generation is not.
Harris, his daughter here is trying an Omachi version we’re making for kids because kids are really
excited about things that happen, that change.
😊🎼They don’t have 500 layers of things to unlearn and be stressed about.
And you know what, if this doesn’t expire you, the next generation is just gonna fucking tell you.
😡So take the white pill.
Take the optimism pill.
Lean in, even with the uncertainty, even with the stress, even with all of it, realize there is only
one choice.
And that is for you to embrace the future with optimism, with gusto.
👏With full acceleration, the black pill is for fucking losers.
Don’t be a loser.
🎼。

Rails World 2026 Opening Keynote - DHH [vDjW_dRyKXY].zh-Hans.srt

Rails World 2026 Opening Keynote - DHH [vDjW_dRyKXY].en.srt

因为视频在youtube上哈，我也不知道是不是所有人都看以看得到。
所以我截了一个比较小一点的版本哈呃像素比较低一点的版本只有四十几兆吧。
然后呢，这个呃呃顺带把他的这个英文字幕哈核对了一下。
然后呢啊用AI再把它的这个中文字幕呢也都核对了一下啊，建议同学们哈有空的话认真看一下。

youtube自身的字幕呢啊有不太准确的地方啊，虽然相对于已经比较准了，但也有稍微不太准确的地方。
然后呢，我们用本地模型呢啊再让他跑一遍啊，就能把很多地方校对好。
这在以前是怎么可以想象的嘛？

然后呢，DHH的这段演讲啊，这个人呢是的创始人啊，然后呢这段演讲呢大家认真去看里面有很多可圈可点的地方。
但是这里面的核心一个重点是什么呢？
就是啊他自己啊作为一个这个曾经啊过去的二十几年里啊，每年都至少写3万行代码的啊超级程序员啊，在最近的几个月啊，仅近几个月之前啊，宣布自己正式退休了啊，从此之后呢，再也不去做啊手写程序的程序员了。

然后呢，他的这个整个讲演呢啊处于一种亢奋状态啊，和那些啊正在说啊这个AI可能要毁灭人类，AI可能要这个这个夺取很多人的工作。
那批啊悲观主义者的这个态度是完全不同的，截然相反的啊，他他他对自己啊啊这个手写程序生涯的啊终结啊，并非啊悲哀啊并非啊叹息，而是什么呢？
亢奋啊，不只是兴奋是亢奋对。

嗯，我也是看了这场呃这这场讲演哈，才知道他近些年做的另外两个产品哈，一个叫嘿啊是一个专注于隐私的啊呃，这个邮件服务器，对吧？
还有一个是什么呢？
他最近正在做的哈叫什么啊，就是一个经简版本的linux对？
呃我没有办法在自己的机器上装哈，然后呢，这个因为我是用mac嘛，然后我也觉得没必要装，因为这个呃呃n max也是n操作系统，对吧？
但是呢我可以在一个虚拟机上装跑一下试一试。

然后呢嗯这里面比较有趣的一件事情是什么呢？
比较有趣的一件事情是他针对AI这个世界发生的变化，以及拥抱这些个变化的态度啊，啊，然后呢，这个呃他的很多经历，我是这个呃讲演的要点我是一听就懂的啊，比如说哈呃他里面哈随口就提到这样一句，就是啊今天到底是否应该用we还是直接做APP，对吧
？
啊，过去的团队是怎样的？
现在的团队是怎样的，但是他随口就说了这样一句啊，说你必须有c对吧？
OK这个呢你看我们一旦哈开始真正使用计算机，对吧？
啊，到最后大家的想法是一样的，对吧？
就好像我们的课程上来就告诉你啊，你要用c啊CIYY对吧？
你你你你不能再用GUGUY了。

注意啊，我的意思是说，你不能只用GUI了，对吧？
你一定要把cle当做啊这个使用计算机的优先操作优先入口，对吧？
这样的话呢你才能哈最大化的把你的计算机变成一个out特为渗啊，自动自动机，理解吧？

所以呢正常讲演呢我听得很高兴啊，然后呢也被他的情绪所感染，对吧？
然后呢也也也也也这个啊深深认同他的啊几乎每一个观点，对？
为什么？
因为整个过去的几个月里啊，我们经历的是相同的亢奋，对吧？
只不过呢不太一样，不太一样。
在哪里呢？
他是老程序员，他是资深程序员，他对计算机世界的理解和我对计算机的世界的理解啊，还是差异非常非常大的对吧？
所以呢他在做的是什么啊，是邮件系统啊，是操作系统，对吧？
我在做的是什么？
我在做的是V mark当啊V mark啊mark当编辑器，对吧？
啊，鼠标曲词词典啊啊魔方啊这个啊辅助软件对吧？
你看。

所以这场讲演听完了之后呢，我最大的感触就是前两天跟大家说过的话，对吧？
你看啊这个AI呢大家用的是一样的对吧？
啊，了不起呢是这个这个啊几个账户而已的差别对吧？
啊，大家用的是一样的。
然后呢用的这个订阅钱订阅的这个金额呢，也就是200美金顶头了，对吧？
OK那到最后呢大家用的AI是一样的，但做的事不同，这个事儿不同的核心原因在哪里，却是人不同，对吧？
所以呢到最后啊不是AI赋能个体啊，更多的应该是人啊啊个体赋能AI对吧？
大家用的是一样的AI但干的活却不一样，差别在哪里啊，差别在用的人本身。

所以呢到最后我的结论是这样子的，就是说呃呃呃我还是要啊想办法提升自己，对吧？
啊，反正AI呢它会越来越聪明，它自动会变得更聪明。
但是我们自身不努力的话呢，不会变得自动变得更聪明啊，这就是哈AI时代里的悖论。

然后呢，这个这个呃他的家人当中哈有一个说法啊，也是对各位家长以及各位社群成员有巨大提示意义的，和我的看法也是一样的啊，我们正在进入一个叫mr时代啊，mr就是你你你你是造物质造物质人，对吧？
造物质人，对吧？
以前呢啊大家都是消费者而已，对吧？
现在突然之间呢确实每个人哈都可以成为makerr，当然了我自己在说这个话时候呢，我更喜欢用prodcer，因为啊啊他的范围可能更广一点，。

所以呢今天推荐的这个视频哈，请大家一定认真看好，对吧？
与此同时呢啊你可以关注一下我的Vmark跟那个医室啊，我大概可能还有两个小时啊，就能这个这个啊把该干的干完，然后把那个初中生的这个啊PR啊给给收纳进来，对吧？
然后呢，我和那位初中生同学，对吧？
啊，初一同学啊，就可以一起使用更新过后的啊V mark对吧？
这也是一个特别开心的事情，好，今天的分享呢就到这里，我们明天啊或下一次分享再见。